Paula Niederwolfsgruber (1924 - 2003)

Civil Courage in Dark Times
A Protest Against Killing
Faith, Courage, and Humanity

Paula Niederwolfsgruber was a courageous faith-based activist who spoke out against the Nazi euthanasia program known as Aktion T4 during the Third Reich. Her advocacy for the dignity and lives of people with disabilities stands as a powerful example of civil courage and humanity in a time of fear and oppression.

Foto 1938/39 Paula Niederwolfsgruber. Privatarchiv Monika Niederwolfsgruber Innsbruck.

Paula Niederwolfsgruber: A Courageous Activist Against Nazi "Euthanasia"

Paula Niederwolfsgruber was a faith-based activist who protested against the T4 program (Aktion T4) during Adolf Hitler's regime. The T4 program was a Nazi initiative to systematically murder people with disabilities and mental illnesses. Niederwolfsgruber advocated for the dignity and lives of these individuals, publicly denouncing the injustice and cruelty of the program. Her brave opposition to Aktion T4 stands as an example of moral courage and humanity in dark times.

On October 27, 1941, Niederwolfsgruber was arrested by the Gestapo for distributing sermons by Bishop Galen in Solbad Hall/Heiligkreuz. Bishop Galen had openly condemned the T4 program and exposed the crimes of the Nazi regime. Niederwolfsgruber worked to spread Galen’s message, aiming to awaken public conscience and inspire action.

Her arrest highlights the brutality and repression of the Nazi state against any form of resistance or freedom of expression. Despite this, Niederwolfsgruber remained steadfast in her commitment to defending the rights of the vulnerable and oppressed.
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Due to her arrest, she was expelled from her teacher training college, deemed "unsuitable" to educate children according to Nazi ideology. Only after the end of World War II in 1945 could she resume her studies.